Dyslexia Resources & Insights
Explore a collection of valuable information and external resources to deepen your understanding of dyslexia and support your learning journey.
Book Resources
At Dyslexia Victoria, we are continuously seeking and discovering insightful books and innovative ideas related to dyslexia and diverse learning styles. We are excited to share these valuable resources on our website to further support your journey.
Share Your Recommendations
If you have encountered an exceptional book on dyslexia, dyscalculia, dysgraphia, right-brained learning, or other related topics, please let us know. We welcome your suggestions to expand this resource for our community.
Featured Books for Deeper Understanding
A Timeless Perspective
This remarkable book, originally published in the 1980s, remains profoundly relevant today. When Karey Hope, the founder of Dyslexia Victoria, first embarked on her journey to understand dyslexia through her children's experiences, "Unicorns are Real" provided invaluable clarity on the essence of right-brained thinking.
Inspiring Breakthroughs
The practical teaching strategies and accommodation ideas presented in this book were instrumental in the significant improvements Karey witnessed in her three dyslexic children. Its timeless wisdom continues to guide effective support.
Holistic Brain Integration
As Vitale explores, we begin to grasp how both brain hemispheres collaborate to form a holistic perception of our environment. A limitation in one hemisphere's processing capacity can restrict an individual's complete perspective. With growing understanding, new methods and refinements can enhance existing approaches.
Balancing Hemispheres for Potential
The book delves into developing techniques to strengthen the right hemisphere for those who are predominantly left-hemispheric. Ultimately, the aim is to achieve a balanced integration of both hemispheres, unlocking our highest human potential—an intelligence far exceeding the sum of its individual parts.
The Uncharted Intelligence
This integrated intelligence transcends specialization and individual processing modes, representing an uncharted realm of intellect that fosters invention, creation, and evolution. As Vitale eloquently states, "We must give children of the world a chance to reach their greatest heights!"
Shifting Societal Paradigms
This inspiring book offers profound insight into the rapid societal transformation we are experiencing. Daniel Pink argues that the world is moving away from a left-brain dominant focus on rigid planning and standardized production towards a future driven by right-brain dominance—characterized by creativity and emotional intelligence.
Affirmation for Right-Brain Thinkers
For those who primarily think with their right brain, this book serves as a powerful affirmation. Historically, right-brained individuals were often marginalized or dismissed in traditional industries for being perceived as too "flighty" or not "grounded in reality." Pink's work celebrates their impending prominence.
A Joy to Read
As part of our extensive research into dyslexia and right-brained learning styles, we discovered this fascinating book by Jeffrey Freed, an educational consultant with vast experience tutoring and assisting thousands of students with ADD and gifted learners. It’s written in an engaging style, making it a joy to read.
Connecting Learning Differences
Freed's insights deeply resonate with our beliefs, particularly his clear articulation of the commonalities between ADD, dyslexia, and other learning differences. He asserts that being predominantly right-brained often leads to various learning challenges.
Behavior, Not Deficiency
Crucially, Freed explains that these learning problems are not inherent deficiencies in how these children learn, but rather behaviors resulting from teaching methods that are inappropriate for right-brained students.
Proven Techniques, Universal Principles
Many of the techniques Jeffrey Freed advocates for helping his students are remarkably similar to those we recommend to parents and teachers. While some educators might view these as simply "good basic teaching," both Freed and Dyslexia Victoria understand their critical importance for students who process information differently.
Beyond Labels: Focusing on Strengths
Freed emphasizes that we should not define children by the challenging behaviors they exhibit—behaviors that often stem from the frustration of incompatible teaching methods. Instead, we must shift our focus from "deficits" used to create labels and instead highlight the incredible learning strengths inherent in these right-brained learners.
A Positive Perspective
This book is an excellent addition to your reading list. It casts dyslexia as a distinct and positive learning style, offering simple, replicable methods that effectively support these learners. The techniques require no specialized training and can be implemented using readily available materials.
Comprehensive Reference Guide
This book serves as an invaluable reference, offering fundamental information, practical coping strategies for both parents and the dyslexic child, insights into popular teaching systems, and relevant statistics about dyslexia.
Demystifying Diagnoses
Abigail Marshall provides clear and accessible descriptions of various types of dyslexia and related conditions such as dysgraphia and dyscalculia. This helps parents understand the terminology often used in psychological test results for their children.
Navigating the Educational System
The guide also thoroughly explains the IEP (Individualized Education Program) process in the USA, empowering parents to proactively advocate for their child's rights. This section is particularly helpful for parents who often find navigating the school system a daunting and isolating experience.
Parents as Advocates
Marshall makes clear the vital role parents play as advocates, defining what this responsibility truly entails. She offers suggestions on how parents can select appropriate schools and engage effectively with teachers, fostering a more positive educational experience for their dyslexic children. This proactive approach significantly enhances a child's chances of classroom success and skill development.
Considerations for Homeschooling
The author also covers homeschooling, providing guidance on how to establish a teaching plan for a dyslexic child at home and select suitable curricula. Recognizing that homeschooling can be complex even for neurotypical students, the book offers helpful and eye-opening ideas for carefully approaching the education of a dyslexic child in a home environment.
A Recommended Starting Point
If you are seeking a foundational book to understand what your child with dyslexia is experiencing, this guide is highly recommended for your reading list.
A Deep Dive into Written Language
Maryanne Wolf presents a comprehensive and thought-provoking exploration of the history of written language, tracing its development and profound impact on civilization through the ages, right up to the modern world. She meticulously examines the inherent challenges written language poses for dyslexic individuals.
Understanding Cognitive Hurdles
This book is a challenging yet essential read for those seeking to understand the intricate "how and why" behind our use of alphabets and phonemes to represent sounds in words. It clearly articulates why this complex system often proves so difficult for dyslexic minds to comprehend.
Inspiring Personal Journeys
At Dyslexia Victoria, our extensive research often leads us to inspiring stories, such as the one chronicled in "Learning Outside the Lines." This compelling book recounts the personal journeys of two individuals, one dyslexic and one with ADHD, as they defied expectations to graduate with honors from an Ivy League college.
Redefining Intelligence
The authors boldly question conventional definitions of "stupid" and "smart," challenging the fundamental purposes of our current education systems. They dedicate entire chapters to innovative study techniques that often minimize reliance on traditional reading and writing.
Embracing Unique Learning Strengths
While these techniques might initially seem unconventional, they align perfectly with our core belief: the most effective learning approach leverages an individual's unique strengths, regardless of their specific learning style. The book offers a raw, yet hopeful, glimpse into the struggles many individuals face in school, validating their experiences while offering a pathway to success. It's a must-read for anyone interested in learning differences.
Concrete Approaches to Math
Kate Nonesuch's "Family Math Fun" manual provides activities rooted in real-world scenarios to teach children various mathematical concepts. It demonstrates how to utilize our natural environment to build understanding of counting, addition, numerals, the practical uses of numbers (like names or addresses), measurement, and managing money.
Making Abstract Concepts Tangible
Young dyslexic children often struggle with abstract math concepts like arithmetic, measurement, time, and money. They find it challenging to grasp skills related to sequences and artificial systems. This book offers a solution by connecting these abstract ideas to tangible situations that hold meaning, enabling children to visualize and process mathematical problems more effectively.
A Practical Example: Setting the Table
The book includes engaging activities like "Setting the Dishes Out," where children help prepare a meal by counting plates, forks, and knives for each family member. This hands-on method allows them to learn quantitative concepts by actively participating in a real-life task. The manual is available as a free download for personal and educational use. (Note: For detailed download instructions and direct link, please visit our Family Math Fun for Dyslexics page.)
Cultivating Inclusive Classrooms
This highly practical and accessible manual, authored by Neil MacKay, offers comprehensive guidance on creating dyslexia-friendly classroom environments. MacKay, a seasoned educator and the originator of the "Dyslexia Friendly Schools" concept, shares insights gleaned from 26 years of teaching diverse age groups and needs.
Workable Strategies for All Learners
Known for bringing classroom realities into his training sessions, MacKay provides dynamic and thought-provoking opportunities for teachers to refine their practice. His work offers actionable strategies that address a wide range of learning needs, including ADHD, Asperger's Syndrome, and Dyspraxia, all while benefiting the entire class. This manual is invaluable for fostering a supportive and exciting learning space for every child.
A Solution Born from Need
This unique dictionary was specifically designed for a 13-year-old girl named Gabby, who was diagnosed with dyslexia at age eight. In 1997, recognizing her own brilliant way of approaching words phonetically, Gabby asked her mother to create a dictionary that spelled words the way she did.
Collaborative Innovation
What began as a simple idea blossomed into a massive collaborative project. Its creation involved the input of hundreds of dyslexic individuals, K–12 teachers, and ESL (English as a Second Language) learners. The result is a dictionary that uniquely lists misspelled words to guide users to the correct spelling, bridging the gap between how dyslexics hear and how words are conventionally written.
Understanding Unique Minds
Do you find yourself knowing things instinctively without being able to articulate why? Do you solve problems unconventionally? Do you primarily think in pictures rather than words? If so, you may be a visual-spatial learner, a cognitive style shared by approximately one-third of the population.
Recognizing Visual-Spatial Learners
If you are an educator, it is highly probable that some of your students, perhaps those you find challenging to reach, are visual-spatial learners. Dr. Linda Silverman coined this term in 1981 to describe the distinct gifts of individuals who process information through images.
Strengths and Challenges
These learners excel at grasping the "big picture," often seeing the world through an artist's eyes. They retain visual information effectively but may struggle with auditory input. While they might be disorganized, have difficulty with spelling, or possess a unique sense of time, they are often characterized by an infectious humor, vivid imaginations, and an immersive joy in the present moment.
Shaping Innovation
Visual-spatial brilliance has fueled countless innovations, from the creation of computers and the Internet to the design of Olympic displays and the International Space Station. "Upside-Down Brilliance" serves as a comprehensive guide for parenting, teaching, and living harmoniously with these wonderfully different individuals, while also encouraging readers to discover and honor their own hidden gifts.
Multi-Sensory Math Engagement
A teacher (P.P., North Queensland, Australia) shared an innovative approach to teaching numeracy to a small group of dyslexic children who typically "shut down" when faced with multiplication tables. Believing strongly in multi-sensory teaching, she discovered a "Sing the Times Tables" tape.
Engaging Learning Through Song
The teacher provided students with song lyrics, and together they spent lessons learning and singing along. This musical, non-traditional approach offered a welcome break from standard paper-and-pencil tasks, leading to enthusiastic engagement.
Interactive Worksheets for Reinforcement
To further enhance learning, she developed worksheets that complemented the songs. While singing, students filled in missing blanks in the song lyrics (e.g., "2 little caterpillars crawling on the floor, they were joined by 2 more then there were four" prompts "2 x 2 = ? Caterpillars"). Cheerful caterpillar illustrations added to the enjoyment.
Promising Results
Despite being a young group and early in the process, the students responded exceptionally well. The teacher observed that verbalizing (singing) the times tables would likely have a significant positive impact on their ability to solve more complex mathematical problems in the future.
Essential Dyslexia Reads
Ready to transform your understanding of dyslexia? Explore our recommended book resources. Gain valuable insights and practical strategies to support unique learners.
Large Print Books
Navigating Small Text
When working with dyslexic adults and children, it's frequently observed that reading small print presents a significant hurdle. The process can feel like slogging through mud, as they often struggle to track text on a page or differentiate individual words and letters. Instead, the entire page of text may appear as one undifferentiated image, making it difficult to separate distinct words.
The Cost of Decoding Effort
For some dyslexic readers, while they may be able to read smaller text, the sheer effort required for decoding becomes mentally exhausting, consuming all their energy and concentration. This intense focus on recognizing words often impairs comprehension. As a result, individuals may find themselves rereading passages multiple times, as their brain was preoccupied with word recognition rather than retaining information in short-term memory or transferring it to long-term memory.
The Solution
Visual Clarity for Enhanced Reading
One highly effective solution to these challenges is the use of large-print books. The increased font size makes it considerably easier to visually distinguish individual words from each other and from adjacent lines of text. This reduces the cognitive load on the brain, as it no longer has to exert as much effort on the decoding process.
Improved Comprehension and Retention
With words more readily identifiable, comprehension is significantly enhanced, and information retention improves. Reading transforms from a burdensome task into a more accessible and less fatiguing experience.
Finding Large Print Resources
Many children's books are already produced in large-print formats, making them an excellent choice for dyslexic students whenever possible. Prioritizing these editions can greatly benefit their early reading development.
Resources for All Ages
For older children and adults, a wide array of large-print books are available through various channels. These can typically be found on specialized websites, at local bookstores, and within public libraries.
Recommended Online Sources
To assist your search, here are a couple of websites where you can find large print books:
Access Books for Better Teaching
For additional information and a wider range of teaching solutions tailored for dyslexia, we encourage you to check our book recommendations.
Assistive Technologies
Assistive technologies offer a diverse array of tools and software specifically designed to enhance reading, writing, and comprehension for individuals with dyslexia. These innovative solutions simplify interaction with written information, making learning more accessible and less challenging.
Text-to-Speech Software
- Natural Reader: This user-friendly software provides high-quality synthetic voices and can convert a wide range of document formats, such as PDFs and Word files, into spoken audio.
- Kurzweil 3000: A comprehensive learning platform that integrates robust text-to-speech capabilities with a suite of study aids, offering extensive support for diverse learning needs, particularly beneficial for students with dyslexia.
- Read Aloud: A convenient browser extension compatible with Chrome and Firefox, designed to read web pages aloud, streamlining the consumption of online content.
- Google Text-to-Speech: An application readily available on Android devices, enabling users to listen to text from various apps and websites.
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Voice Dream Reader:
A highly rated mobile application for iOS and Android, known for its support of multiple file formats, premium voice quality, and integrated features for note-taking and annotation.
Speech-to-Text Software
- Dragon Naturally Speaking: Renowned for its exceptional accuracy, this prominent speech recognition software allows users to dictate text and control their computer through voice commands, making it a widely used tool for drafting and transcription.
- Google Docs Voice Typing: A free and user-friendly feature built directly into Google Docs, enabling users to dictate content into their documents from any device with Google Docs access.
- Apple Dictation: Integrated across iPhones, iPads, and Mac computers, this software converts spoken language into text within various applications, including messages, emails, and notes.
- Microsoft Dictate: Seamlessly integrated into Microsoft Office applications (Word, PowerPoint, Outlook), this tool allows users to dictate documents and emails directly within their Office suite using speech recognition.
- Otter.ai: This application provides real-time transcription and recording for meetings, interviews, and lectures. It also offers integration with Zoom for live meeting transcription, enhancing accessibility.
- Windows Speech Recognition: A native tool within Windows operating systems, enabling users to dictate text and navigate their computer effortlessly using voice commands.
- Braina: An AI-powered software that transcribes spoken words into text and assists with a variety of computer tasks, proving to be a versatile solution for dictation and automation.
Grammar and Spell Checking Apps
- Grammarly: A widely popular tool that offers real-time suggestions for grammar, spelling, punctuation, and writing style. It functions across multiple platforms, including web browsers, Microsoft Word, and email clients.
- Ginger: Beyond grammar and spelling corrections, Ginger provides features like sentence rephrasing and translation. It's available as a browser extension, desktop application, and mobile app.
- ProWritingAid: This tool is designed to elevate overall writing quality by offering detailed grammar and style suggestions. It identifies areas for improvement such as sentence structure, readability, and the overuse of certain words.
- Hemingway Editor: While not a conventional spell checker, Hemingway focuses on improving readability. It suggests simpler sentence structures and highlights complex or lengthy phrases, enhancing clarity and flow in writing.
- Microsoft Editor: Integrated into Microsoft Word and Outlook, this tool delivers robust spelling and grammar checks along with advanced writing suggestions for conciseness and clarity. It is also available as a browser extension for Chrome and Edge.
- LanguageTool: An open-source grammar checker that supports multiple languages, providing comprehensive suggestions for grammar, spelling, and style across various web browsers and writing platforms.
- Slick Write: A free online tool that thoroughly analyzes grammar, spelling, and sentence structure, offering detailed feedback to improve writing style and flow.
Visual & Auditory Reading Aids
Color Overlays
- IRLEN® Overlays: Offer various colored plastic overlays to reduce visual stress and enhance reading comfort, tailored to individual needs.
- Colored Overlays by Crossbow Education: Specifically designed for dyslexic readers, these come in different colors and sizes to provide visual relief and improve text clarity.
- OptiMA Colored Overlays: Transparent overlays for use on books, papers, or computer screens, aiding reading by reducing glare and enhancing focus.
- SEN Colour Overlays: Affordable options for students experiencing visual stress, providing a variety of colors to find the most suitable tint.
- ReadEZ Overlays: A range of colored reading overlays and kits to help dyslexic, and visually stressed readers identify their ideal color for easier reading.
- ClaroRead Colored Overlays: In addition to digital tools, ClaroRead offers physical colored overlays for printed text to assist dyslexic readers and those with visual stress.
- Winslow Color Overlays: Durable color overlays designed to boost reading efficiency and alleviate visual discomfort for individuals with dyslexia or similar reading challenges.
Screen Tinting Software
- Iris: Provides blue light reduction, brightness control, and customizable color filters for tailored screen tinting.
- F.lux: Adjusts screen color temperature based on the time of day to reduce harsh blue light, also offering filters for eye strain during reading.
- CareUEyes: A screen dimming and tinting software that lets users change screen color to reduce eye strain and apply filters for better text focus.
- Overlay: An app that adds a colored filter over the screen to reduce visual stress, offering a selection of colors for customization.
- ClaroView: Part of the ClaroRead suite, offering an adjustable colored overlay for screen tint and opacity to ease on-screen reading for those with dyslexia or visual stress.
- ScreenShader: A Chrome extension that tints the screen with warm, eye-friendly colors, reducing visual discomfort during extended reading, especially at night.
- Tint Vision: A free tool allowing users to apply a customizable colored filter to reduce visual discomfort and help dyslexic individuals read more easily.
Color Backgrounds for Text
These features, often built into common applications, allow users to change the background color of a page for reading or writing, creating a more comfortable visual experience.
- Microsoft Word: Customize page background color via the "Design" tab under "Page Color."
- Google Docs: Change document background color through "File" > "Page setup" > "Page color."
- Adobe Acrobat Reader: Adjust PDF background and text colors under "Preferences" > "Accessibility" for personalized viewing.
- Read&Write: This literacy tool offers background color changes for web pages and documents, alongside other reading and writing aids like text-to-speech, for a customized experience.
- ClaroRead: Provides the ability to change text background colors in various applications, aiding dyslexic readers, and includes screen tinting and text-to-speech.
- Natural Reader: In addition to its text-to-speech functions, it allows users to adjust the reading panel's background color for easier tracking.
- OpenDyslexic Browser Extension: Changes web page background colors and converts text to the OpenDyslexic font, enhancing web readability (available for Chrome and Firefox).
Specialized Tools for Handwriting
Startwrite 6
Startwrite 6 is a highly recommended application for creating custom handwriting worksheets. Designed for teachers, parents, and homeschoolers, it generates practice sheets tailored to specific handwriting styles like manuscript or cursive. Features include traceable letters, dashed lines, directional arrows, and engaging fonts.
Beneficial For Early Learners
This software is particularly beneficial for early learners and students requiring extra handwriting practice, including those with learning differences like dyslexia. It simplifies the creation of personalized worksheets, making it easier to support children's writing skill development. Startwrite 6 is affordable, user-friendly, bilingual, and includes features for practicing strokes and shapes—the fundamental building blocks of handwriting.
Combine with StartDot
It can be combined with StartDot, a handwriting program that teaches letter formation through a systematic, step-by-step approach. StartDot emphasizes starting at a specific dot to guide correct letter formation, helping young learners develop proper handwriting. We highly recommend Startwrite 6 to anyone needing to create effective worksheets for students.
Embracing Audio Learning
Audiobooks
Audiobooks are invaluable resources that allow dyslexic individuals to enjoy listening to recorded books, bypassing the challenges associated with decoding written text. This format provides access to a vast world of literature and information without the visual strain.
- Audible: A leading platform offering an extensive library across all genres, including exclusive titles, accessible on iOS, Android, and web browsers.
- Libby: Powered by OverDrive, this app enables free borrowing of audiobooks and e-books from local libraries, available on iOS and Android.
- Google Play Books: Offers a wide selection of audiobooks for purchase, playable across Android, iOS, and web browsers.
- Apple Books: For iOS users, this app provides a large selection of purchasable audiobooks.
- Kobo Books: A platform with a substantial audiobook library for purchase, accessible via the Kobo app on iOS, Android, and Kobo eReaders.
- Scribd: A subscription service providing access to a broad selection of audiobooks, e-books, and other reading materials on iOS, Android, and web browsers.
- Learning Ally: Specifically tailored for individuals with learning disabilities like dyslexia, offering a vast collection of audiobooks, including textbooks and educational materials.
- Spotify: Primarily a music streaming platform, it also features a growing selection of audiobooks for streaming or download.
Sight Words & Dyslexics
Sight words are frequently encountered words that proficient readers recognize instantly, without needing to sound them out. Their common appearance in written texts makes immediate recognition crucial for developing reading speed and comprehension. For dyslexic individuals, however, these words often present a significant hurdle. Many sight words defy standard phonetic rules, meaning their spelling doesn't align with their pronunciation.
Pre Kindergarten from “sightwords.com” a, and, away, big, blue, can, come, down, find, for, funny, go, help, here, I, in, is, it, jump, little, look, make, me, my, not, one, play, red, run, said, see, the, three, to, two, up, we, where, yellow, you
Dyslexic learners process written language differently, especially when it comes to identifying patterns and linking sounds to letters. Furthermore, many sight words are abstract concepts, lacking a concrete visual representation. This makes it difficult for dyslexic minds, which often rely on "big picture" visual connections, to understand, read, and commit them to memory. Consequently, struggling with these non-phonetic and abstract words can considerably impede their reading fluency and overall comprehension.
High-Frequency Words
These are words that appear most often in written materials, making their instant recognition vital for reading efficiency. Examples include "the," "and," "of," and "is." Widely used educational resources like the Dolch Word List and the Fry Sight Word List are designed to help young readers master these essential words.
Irregular Words
These specific sight words do not adhere to typical phonetic patterns, rendering them challenging to decode through standard phonics instruction. Due to their unpredictable spelling, learners must memorize them visually. Common examples include words like "said," "could," and "through." The Dolch List notably incorporates many irregular words.
(Note: Some educators may refer to these as "Red Words" and highlight them in red to aid memorization. However, this color-coding strategy can be ineffective or confusing for dyslexic individuals who experience color blindness.)
The Dolch Word List
Introduction to the Dolch List
The Dolch Word List comprises 220 of the most common sight words, strategically compiled by Dr. Edward William Dolch in 1936. This collection is intended to help children build reading fluency by recognizing these words immediately. The challenge with many Dolch words lies in their frequent deviation from standard spelling and pronunciation rules.
Unique Hurdles for Dyslexic Learners
The Dolch list is often the most difficult set of words for dyslexic individuals to master. Parents and teachers frequently observe that dyslexic children can spell more complex words, such as "volcano" or "dinosaur," yet struggle with seemingly simple words like "that," "or," or "soon." This disparity arises because dyslexics can readily visualize a "volcano" or a "dinosaur," but struggle to create a concrete mental image for abstract words like "that" or "soon." This challenge mirrors their difficulty in visualizing individual sounds when attempting to sound out a word; for a dyslexic, "C-A-T" may just be sounds, while "CAT" represents a clear image of an animal.
Structure and Importance
The Dolch list is organized into grade-level categories, spanning from pre-kindergarten to third grade, and includes an additional 95 common nouns. Its primary purpose is for sight memorization.
This list is exceptionally important for developing fundamental reading and spelling skills in dyslexic learners. We strongly emphasize the necessity of learning and memorizing these words through methods specifically adapted to their unique learning style.
We highly recommend utilizing our proprietary "14 Steps to Spelling and Reading" program. This guide provides a systematic and effective way to study the Dolch List with dyslexic children, helping them to learn and commit these crucial words to long-term memory.
Dolch Word Lists by Grade Level & Nouns
Pre-primer (40 words)
a, and, away, big, blue, can, come, down, find, for, funny, go, help, here, I, in, is, it, jump, little, look, make, me, my, not, one, play, red, run, said, see, the, three, to, two, up, we, where, yellow, you
Primer (52 words)
all, am, are, at, ate, be, black, brown, but, came, did, do, eat, four, get, good, have, he, into, like, must, new, no, now, on, our, out, please, pretty, ran, ride, saw, say, she, so, soon, that, there, they, this, too, under, want, was, well, went, what, white, who, will, with, yes
1st Grade (41 words)
after, again, an, any, as, ask, by, could, every, fly, from, give, giving, had, has, her, him, his, how, just, know, let, live, may, of, old, once, open, over, put, round, some, stop, take, thank, them, then, think, walk, were, when
2nd Grade (46 words)
always, around, because, been, before, best, both, buy, call, cold, does, don't, fast, first, five, found, gave, goes, green, its, made, many, off, or, pull, read, right, sing, sit, sleep, tell, their, these, those, upon, us, use, very, wash, which, why, wish, work, would, write, your
3rd Grade (41 words)
about, better, bring, carry, clean, cut, done, draw, drink, eight, fall, far, full, got, grow, hold, hot, hurt, if, keep, kind, laugh, light, long, much, myself, never, only, own, pick, seven, shall, show, six, small, start, ten, today, together, try, warm
Nouns (95 words)
apple, baby, back, ball, bear, bed, bell, bird, birthday, boat, box, boy, bread, brother, cake, car, cat, chair, chicken, children, Christmas, coat, corn, cow, day, dog, doll, door, duck, egg, eye, farm, farmer, father, feet, fire, fish, floor, flower, game, garden, girl, goodbye, grass, ground, hand, head, hill, home, horse, house, kitty, leg, letter, man, men, milk, money, morning, mother, name, nest, night, paper, party, picture, pig, rabbit, rain, ring, robin, Santa Claus, school, seed, sheep, shoe, sister, snow, song, squirrel, stick, street, sun, table, thing, time, top, toy, tree, watch, water, way, wind, window, wood.
TOON Books: Visual Learning & Dolch Words
The innovative series of TOON Books, award-winning graphic early readers, effectively integrate Dolch words into their engaging comic formats. Created by leading authors and cartoonists, three TOON Books have been honored with the prestigious Theodor Seuss Geisel Award from the ALA, recognizing them as distinguished American books for beginning readers.
Betsy B. Lee: "A Funny Dolch Word Book" Series
Authored by Betsy B. Lee, who holds an Ed. S. in School Psychology and is a member of SCBWI, this series offers a unique approach to practicing Dolch words. A retired reading specialist, working with adult literacy, shared this powerful review of the first book: "I have enjoyed using A Dolch Funny Word Book in my adult literacy class. The first book in the series has given one of my students (a 47-year-old man) a great feeling of accomplishment to be able to read an entire page without missing a word, and there were NO SILLY KID'S PICTURES! These books have been a real blessing!"
- [Link to Betsy B. Lee's website]
- [Link to an article by Betsy B. Lee about Dolch words]
Dr. Seuss & "The Cat In The Hat"
The iconic children's book, "The Cat In The Hat," by Theodor Geisel (Dr. Seuss), was famously created as a direct response to a challenge from Houghton Mifflin. The publisher requested a children's primer that utilized only the Dolch List words, resulting in this timeless classic.
The Enduring Value of Sight Words
As poet Margaret Hillert aptly put it: "Mr. Dolch had a look in book after book. He saw these words in every book, Again and again, when he had a look. You will see these words again and again, and so The words that he saw are good ones to know."
Introduction to the Fry's 1000 Instant Words
Beyond the Dolch List, another highly valuable resource for working with sight words is "1000 Instant Words: The Most Common Words for Teaching Reading, Writing and Spelling" by Edward Fry. This comprehensive list comprises 1000 words, ordered by their frequency of appearance in all forms of literature. Notably, the initial 100 words on this list constitute a remarkable 50% of all written material.
Accessing the Fry's List & Insights
We provide a downloadable PDF file of these 1000 words for your convenience. Additionally, Edward Fry authored an insightful essay, "What's So Good About a Word List?", which explores the benefits of sight reading.
- [Link to PDF of 1000 Words]
- [Link to Edward Fry's essay on sight reading: http://www.barbsbooks.com/DrFryPhonics.htm]
Dyslexic Writer's & Artist's Corner
This section of our website is dedicated to showcasing the incredible talents of dyslexic individuals who express themselves through writing, poetry, art, and photography. We believe in providing a platform for these unique voices and visions.
Submission Guidelines
We encourage you to submit your creative pieces to us via email at khope@dyslexiavictoria.ca. We respectfully request that submissions remain uncorrected or unchanged by others, as we aim to present your authentic voice. Our team will review your work, and selected pieces may be featured on this webpage. Please note that Dyslexia Victoria Online does not offer payment for published submissions; our goal is to create a vibrant space for dyslexic creators to display their remarkable work.
Featured Artist: Prairie
Prairie, one of our assessed students, is not only thriving but also an extraordinary artist. We invite you to explore her captivating work on her personal website. We understand that some of her stunning creations are even featured on gift cards!
Young Talent: Marina V
Nine-year-old Marina V is a wonderfully imaginative storyteller and a gifted artist. She excels in various mediums, creating delightful drawings, vivid paintings, and intricate sculptures and dioramas, with a particular flair for dragons!
Marina's Dragon Drawing
This drawing features Marina's dragon alongside many other creatures, showcasing her vibrant imagination.
Marina's Castle & Creatures
Marina crafted this detailed castle complete with a dragon, a unicorn, and a knight on horseback. Ladybugs add a charming touch on the right side of the piece.
Short Story: "A Dog's Life" by John Mills
"A Dog's Life" is a heartwarming short story penned by John Mills, a resident of British Columbia. John has enjoyed a successful career as an arbitrator in the province for nearly five decades. Our family has grown up listening to John's captivating tales—some rooted in truth with a touch of artistic flair, others as wildly imaginative as a Mark Twain narrative. He began writing as a hobby years ago, developing a concise, "Hemingway-esque" style.
This particular story, exploring the profound bond between a man, his dog, and life's inevitable changes, moved our family to tears. We sincerely hope you find as much appreciation for it as we did.
Featured Memoir Excerpt
"High School Dropout to Harvard" by John Rodrigues
We recently received a captivating email from John Rodrigues, a dyslexic gentleman currently crafting a memoir about his life. We were immediately charmed and amused by his gentle humor and vivid recollections, which evoked memories of author Jean Shepherd's laugh-out-loud short stories that inspired the 1983 film "A Christmas Story." We eagerly anticipate the continuation of his compelling narrative.
Below is a first draft of Chapter One from his upcoming book, tentatively titled "High School Dropout to Harvard."
"Thunder is good, thunder is impressive; but it is lightning that does the work." -Mark Twain
Chapter One: Broken Glasses
Early Days & Anxious Beginnings
I was born a hefty ten-pound baby boy at St. Jude Hospital in Fullerton, California—a detail my poor mother still recounts with vivid descriptions of her pain during my birth. According to my parents, I was so restless during delivery that I managed to cut both my lip and my mom on the way out, requiring stitches for us both. Even from the very beginning, I simply couldn't sit still.
Growing up, a persistent feeling of "offness" nagged at me, a sense that something was unbalanced or didn't quite fit. Since this feeling seemed unique to me, I kept quiet, trying to conceal any differences from other kids. My parents, it seemed, had little patience for my quirks. I constantly broke things, my ability to judge distance and the necessary force to apply when setting objects down always seemed askew. I believe I set a world record for the number of drinking glasses I cracked, broke, or dropped as a child. Every time I reached for my juice or water, I'd misjudge the distance, opening or closing my hand too early or late. This inevitably led to tipping the glass onto the table or floor. This was doubly problematic at home: not only did I usually shatter or crack a glass, but I'd also send a small wave of liquid spreading across the table towards the carpet. I'd frantically grab a napkin to intercept the spill, but for some reason, I was always just a hair too late, watching helplessly as it rolled over the edge and onto the carpet. This was invariably followed by a chorus from my parents: "Why can't you drink something without spilling it?" from my dad, and "Why can't I ever have anything nice in this house?" from my mom.
The Lasting Impact of Childhood Frustrations
These well-meaning but hurtful comments only amplified my anxiety when I used a glass. To this day, I feel a prickle of unease when I reach for one. Thankfully, at home with my wonderful wife, we use clear plastic cups from Crate and Barrel – they never break! It's incredible how something so simple can bring me so much joy. The anxiety and fear my parents unwittingly instilled in me became a self-fulfilling prophecy. I look at today's kids with envy, with their fancy superhero and cartoon character plastic cups. Where were you when I needed you? We had nothing like them growing up, just endless sets of promotional glasses from fast-food chains and cheap ones from discount stores. I broke them as fast as we collected or bought them. Even now, I get a strange rush of excitement when I deliberately break a glass. Could I be secretly Greek?
Childhood Landscape & Family Roots
I grew up in Orange County, California, back when it was primarily orange groves. We lived in a small town called Fullerton, a mere 15 minutes from the happiest place on Earth, Disneyland. We inhabited a happy little suburban bubble. My brother Mike, a year older than me, and I kept our mom and dad on their toes from the moment we learned to crawl. Our home on Michael Street, at the end of a cul-de-sac, was perfect for playing touch football and baseball in the street. With many other kids on our block, my brother and I just had to step outside to find a dozen playmates.
My parents were an intriguing blend. My mother was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana—a French-Creole and American Indian (Choctaw and Creek) woman who grew up on a farmhouse with two brothers and two sisters. They even had a small movie theater on their property that showed second-run movies and Saturday morning cartoons. My grandfather, a very frugal man, insisted on employing only family members in his theater, often for cheap or free labor. My mom and her sisters managed the concession stand, aunts and uncles sold tickets, and her brothers ran the projectors. My mom inherited his knack for being good with money, a trait my dad, unfortunately, did not share. My father, on the other hand, was a product of the Bronx, New York. He grew up in tenement buildings, experiencing extreme poverty. He endured physical and verbal abuse from his mother and was separated from his father, who died when he was a teenager. My father also battled a stuttering problem growing up, which made him reluctant to speak to anyone.
Building a Home & Unforgettable Journeys
My parents met at a party in Fullerton, California. Both worked at the hospital after college, my dad as a male nurse and my mom as a lab tech. Upon deciding to marry, their first priority was scraping together enough money for a down payment on a house. At the time, Orange County, largely undeveloped and filled with orange groves, was one of the most affordable places to live. They bought a small house on half an acre, with just enough for the down payment and little else. The house was in such disrepair that my mother cried on the back porch the first time she saw it. With a new house but no funds, they faced the challenge of furnishing it. While most houses in Orange County looked similar from the outside, ours was an eclectic assortment of mismatched furniture, silverware, and plates, looking like something from a bad movie. My brother and I joked that if anything matched in our house, our parents would demand we change or remove it immediately.
Most of our furnishings were treasures discovered in second-hand stores and garage sales, explaining why nothing matched, from chairs and sofas to silverware and end tables. The only consistent item in our house was the green shag carpet, which covered most rooms. Our home was a pirate's paradise, brimming with unique finds from all over Southern California. Fred G. Sanford would have been proud.
Believe it or not, for many years, our living room table was a picnic table/park bench. One day, my dad simply appeared with it and moved it into our dining room. My mother never questioned its origin. Growing up, I often wondered if a park somewhere had a missing picnic table. This picnic table served as the centerpiece of our empire for years. Eventually, it moved to the backyard when my parents finally acquired a traditional dining room table with matching chairs. I actually missed that old table; I always felt closer to my family sitting around the picnic table than in individual chairs.
During summers, my parents would load my brother Mike and me into our white Volkswagen camper for cross-country drives to places like Yosemite, the Grand Canyon, Texas, or Louisiana. One constant on these trips was my dad striking up conversations with everyone—at gas stations, diners, campgrounds, state parks, you name it. The amusing part was that he'd become so engrossed in conversation that he'd forget things. Miles down the road, he'd suddenly remember. A frequent trigger for his memory was other cars pulling alongside us, pointing to the back of our camper. Sometimes, they'd roll down their window and yell, "Your gas cap is missing!" This happened so often that a significant portion of our family vacations was spent sifting through old boxes of lost gas caps until we found one that fit. I still recall my mom's exasperated refrain after the third or fourth incident on a single trip: "For God's sake, Doug, not again!"
The Kindergarten Dream and First Grade Reality
I absolutely loved kindergarten and my teacher, Mrs. Green. I have many distinct memories from my life, and among my earliest school recollections is Mrs. Green's kindergarten class. She was truly amazing; her class was filled with art, music, colors, shapes, and building blocks. I vividly remember constructing with red cardboard blocks, singing and napping on the carpet, climbing to the top of the eagle's perch on the monkey bars, and wearing letters pinned to our shirts. My parents still cherish a clay handprint I made when I was five.
I consider kindergarten the crowning glory of my K–12 education. Everything that followed felt like a downhill slide, and it wasn't until I reached college that I rediscovered the same amazing experiences I had in kindergarten. This is precisely why I loved college so much and excelled there. I believe kindergarten and college share a similar spirit of exploration, allowing you to follow your educational curiosity in any direction. Visual thinkers, like myself, thrive in such environments. In contrast, the system from first through twelfth grade was so regimented, offering little room for individual academic curiosity. This rigid system also assessed everyone based on a narrow, linear framework, failing to account for diverse types of intelligence.
Abraham Schmitt articulated this best in his book "Brilliant Idiot" when he stated, "My entire world collapsed at that moment. There was no other measure of a person's worth or intelligence than success in school." This precisely describes my own experience.
I was a happy, confident, fun-loving little kid until first grade. In first grade, everything changed dramatically for me. It was no longer fun and interactive—the perfect environment for visual learners like me—but instead, it became boring and repetitious. We spent most of the day sitting still in rows, engaged in drills across various subjects. I detested this method because it directly opposed my natural learning style, and I simply couldn't sit still. It was incredibly frustrating and tedious to endure this day after day. I was an energetic child who learned best by hearing, seeing, touching, and interacting with the material. Suddenly, none of these methods were available to me. I hated first grade; it felt like someone had pulled the rug out from under me. How could kindergarten be so much fun and first grade such a nightmare? It made no sense. Even worse, I couldn't keep pace with this linear method, constantly feeling like I was swimming against the current, always struggling to keep up with the other kids. My self-image, which had been so strong in kindergarten, plummeted. I went from being the best student in kindergarten to the worst student in first grade. I failed first grade and had to repeat it. Thus began my painful relationship with our K–12 public education system. What was supposed to be the launching pad for my academic career, I fell flat on my face.
This page highlights a diverse group of individuals who have achieved remarkable success across various fields, all while navigating the unique challenges and strengths associated with dyslexia. Their stories serve as powerful testaments to the fact that dyslexia is not a barrier to greatness, but often a catalyst for creative and unconventional thinking.
Famous Dyslexics
This page highlights a diverse group of individuals who have achieved remarkable success across various fields, all while navigating the unique challenges and strengths associated with dyslexia. Their stories serve as powerful testaments to the fact that dyslexia is not a barrier to greatness, but often a catalyst for creative and unconventional thinking.
- Anthony Andrews - Renowned Actor
- Kirsty Alsopp - Celebrated TV Presenter
- Damon Albarn - Influential Singer and Songwriter
- Muhammad Ali - Legendary Former Boxer
- Fred Astaire - Iconic Actor and Dancer
- David Bailey - Acclaimed Photographer
- Louis Barnett - Innovative Chocolatier and Entrepreneur
- Michael Barrymore - Popular TV Personality
- Orlando Bloom - Prominent Actor
- Marlon Brando - Esteemed Actor
- Richard Branson - Visionary Entrepreneur
- Sarah Brightman - Distinguished Actor and Singer
- Alexander Graham Bell - Transformative Inventor
- Darcey Bussell - World-Renowned Ballet Dancer
- Harry Belafonte - Accomplished Actor and Singer
- George Burns - Beloved Entertainer
- Gary Chapman - Creative Film Script Writer
- Cher - Global Music Icon
- Agatha Christie - Prolific Writer
- Margi Clarke - Engaging TV Presenter and Actor
- Steven J Connell - Talented TV Writer and Author
- Chuck Close - Celebrated Artist
- Brian Conley - Versatile Comedian and Actor
- Tom Cruise - Superstar Actor
- Roald Dahl - Beloved Author
- Leonardo da Vinci - Legendary Artist and Inventor
- Patrick Dempsey - Popular Actor
- Walt Disney - Pioneering Film Producer
- Kristian Digby - Noted TV Presenter
- Duchess of York - Royal Figure
- Thomas Edison - Revolutionary Inventor
- Albert Einstein - Groundbreaking Scientist
- Bella Emberg - Comedian and TV Personality
- Ben Elton - Accomplished Comedian
- Erin Pizzey - Founder of the First Women's Refuge
- Sophy Fisher - Respected Journalist
- Lorna Fitzsimmons - Member of Parliament (MP)
- David Fogel - Buying and Merchandising Director of Hamleys
- Esther Freud - Acclaimed Novelist
- Harrison Ford - Iconic Actor
- Michael Faraday - Influential Chemist and Physicist
- Noel Gallagher - Renowned Singer
- AA Gill - Distinctive Journalist
- Whoopi Goldberg - Celebrated Actor
- Bill Gates - Co-founder and Former Chairman of Microsoft
- Duncan Goodhew - Former Olympic Swimmer
- Antony Gormley - Prominent Sculptor
- Danny Glover - Esteemed Actor
- Hamish Grant - Chief Executive of Axeon
- Nanci Griffith - Award-winning Folk Singer
- Jerry Hall - Famous Model
- Susan Hampshire - Veteran Actor
- Guy Hands - Chairman of EMI
- Woody Harrelson - Accomplished Actor
- Lord Philip Harris - Successful Entrepreneur and Millionaire
- Salma Hayek - Renowned Actor
- Johnny Herbert - Former Formula One Racing Driver
- Tommy Hilfiger - Iconic Designer
- Anthony Hopkins - Legendary Actor
- Jack Horner - Influential Palaeontologist
- Bob Hoskins - Esteemed Actor
- Louise Hunt - Talented Actor
- Carol Harrison - Popular Actor
- John Irving - Acclaimed Author
- Eddie Izzard - Versatile Comedian
- Steve Jobs - Co-founder of Apple Inc.
- Magic Johnson - Basketball Legend
- Bruce Jenner - Olympic Gold Medalist
- Felicity Kendall - Respected Actor
- Nigel Kennedy - Virtuoso Violinist
- Jodie Kidd - Celebrated Supermodel
- Keira Knightley - Prominent Actor
- Lara Flynn Boyle - Talented Actress
- Jay Leno - Veteran TV Presenter
- Kenny Logan - Renowned Rugby Player
- Lynda La Plante - Award-winning TV Writer
- John Lennon - Iconic Musician
- Carl Lewis - Olympic Track and Field Legend
- Sandy Lyle - Champion Golfer
- Charles Rennie Mackintosh - Influential Artist and Designer
- Lord McAlpine - Prominent Figure
- Simon Menzies - Skilled Painter
- Mika - Chart-topping Singer
- Paul Merson - Former Professional Footballer
- Sarah Miles - Esteemed Actor
- Jo Malone - Successful Retailer
- John Madjeski - Renowned Businessman
- Kim Marsh - Popular Actor
- James Martin - Celebrity Chef
- Dominic O'Brien - World Memory Champion
- Jamie Oliver - Famous Chef
- Ozzy Osbourne - Legendary Rock Star
- Theo Paphitis - Chairman/Chief Executive of Ryman and Partners
- Marco Pierre-White - Celebrated Chef
- River Phoenix - Talented Actor
- Pablo Picasso - Revolutionary Artist
- Prince Harry - Duke of Sussex
- Princess Beatrice - Royal Figure
- Sir Steven Redgrave - Illustrious Former Olympic Rower
- Oliver Reed - Iconic Actor
- Beryl Reid - Esteemed Actor
- Auguste Rodin - Master Sculptor
- Zara Reid - Accomplished Businesswoman
- Guy Ritchie - Prominent Director
- Eric Shipton - Renowned Mountaineer and Explorer
- Sir Jackie Stewart - Legendary Racing Driver
- Peter Stringfellow - Noted Businessman
- Matthew Sturgis - Respected Journalist
- Steven Spielberg - Visionary Director
- Sylvester Stallone - Action Movie Icon
- Rick Stein - Popular Chef
- Imogen Stubbs - Talented Actor
- Jo Self - Skilled Artist
- Joss Stone - Soulful Singer
- Mackenzie Thorpe - Distinguished Artist
- Anthea Turner - Well-known TV Presenter
- Liv Tyler - Prominent Actor
- Billy Bob Thornton - Versatile Actor
- Brian Turner - Esteemed Chef
- Kevin Viner - Talented Chef
- Henry Winkler - Beloved Actor
- Ben Way - Innovative Entrepreneur
- Zelda West-Meads - Respected Relationship Counselor
- Ruby Wax - Engaging TV Presenter
- James Whale - Popular Presenter
- Andy Warhol - Influential Artist
- David Whiffen - Skilled Chef
- Mark Wilkinson - Renowned Furniture Designer
- Toyah Wilcox - Iconic TV Personality
- Lord Willis - Accomplished Author
- Terence Woodgate - Innovative Furniture Designer
- Zoe Wannamaker - Celebrated Actor
- Lindsay Wagnar - Talented Actress
- William Butler Yeats - Nobel Prize-winning Poet
- Murray Lachlan Young - Contemporary Poet
- Benjamin Zephaniah - Celebrated Poet
Glossary of Terms
Dyslexia Glossary
This glossary provides clear definitions for important words and phrases related to dyslexia, often found throughout our website and in our educational resources.
These are words that the right brain cannot easily convert into concrete mental images, often holding little immediate meaning for dyslexic individuals. Examples include terms like "hope," "they," "constitution," "liberty," and "over."
This involves adapting teaching methodologies, learning strategies, and educational applications to effectively cater to the unique learning styles and developmental timelines of the right brain.
Identifying learning challenges linked to dyslexia should begin as early as possible in a student's life. Understanding a student's specific dyslexic characteristics and their varying skill proficiencies is crucial for developing a targeted educational plan to address academic difficulties.
This refers to the sensory pathways responsible for hearing and processing sounds, including the interpretation of spoken words.
Refers to the naturally occurring chemical substances within the brain that ensure proper bodily function. An imbalance in these chemicals can be influenced by various factors. For instance, excessive fear or stress can release cortisol, which may hinder the formation of short-term memories. An overload of incoming ideas, accumulating in short-term memory without proper processing, can also disrupt this balance.
Often arises from the stress and confusion experienced by right-brained learners in typical educational settings. Feelings of confusion, diminished self-esteem, stress, and fear can trigger an overproduction of cortisol, which interferes with short-term memory, leading to information loss. In many cases, this imbalance can manifest as hypertension, hypersensitivity, hyperactivity, hyper-impulsivity, and difficulties with concentration and focus, thereby impeding the learning process.
Understanding "cause and effect" means grasping the "Who or What?", "Where?", "When?", "Why?", and the resulting "Outcome or Solution" related to an intellectual concept within a narrative or a specific situation.
The ability to fully grasp and interpret information encountered through sight, reading, hearing, and personal experience. Crucially, it involves being able to interpret written material effectively to successfully complete academic assignments.
This process involves recognizing individual letters within a word, identifying the specific speech sounds (phonemes) they represent, and then blending these sounds together to vocalize and identify the complete word.
Refers to the most effective of the three primary sensory channels the brain uses for learning: auditory, visual, or kinesthetic. Identifying a student's dominant learning sense can be beneficial for everyone, regardless of whether they have dyslexic tendencies.
These are the "whole images" or unified visual representations of printed words as perceived and mentally copied by a right-brained learner.
These behaviors often emerge as a consequence of the difficulties dyslexic individuals face in learning within traditional left-brained educational systems, which are standard in American and Canadian schools. When students struggle to master reading, writing, and arithmetic, they often experience frustration, stress, humiliation, and a decline in self-esteem. As teachers may criticize their efforts and peers might mock them, dyslexic students can begin to react defensively, seeking ways to protect themselves. Examples of such behaviors include:
- Becoming isolated or adopting the role of a class clown.
- Wearing unconventional clothing or unusual makeup/hairstyles that socially differentiate them from peers.
- Displaying rudeness, defiance, or obnoxious behavior towards authority figures.
- Frequent school absenteeism to avoid confronting teachers, peers, and academic difficulties.
- Disruptive conduct in the classroom.
- Developing depression and fear regarding social acceptance and their future prospects.
A specific learning difficulty characterized by a lack of hand-eye coordination that can result in poor handwriting. It indicates a disruption in the communication pathway between the brain and the hand, making it challenging for the student to visualize what they intend to write versus what is actually being put on paper.
For a child with dyslexic challenges, focusing thoughts requires explicit instruction on how to concentrate on a limited number of ideas, presented in a logical sequence, rather than allowing their thoughts to scatter in too many directions without completion.
One of the three primary learning senses, the kinesthetic sense refers to learning through a "hands-on" approach. This often involves physically manipulating objects or using hands to assemble components into a complete whole.
This concept highlights the distinct ways the brain's left and right hemispheres process and learn about the world. These differences encompass various aspects, including individual talents, creativity, aptitudes, learning behaviors, the processing of letters and numbers, and challenges with abstract concepts and sequencing.
This refers to the predominant learning sense an individual utilizes. A student may exhibit a strong preference for a visual, auditory, or kinesthetic approach to acquiring knowledge.
This type of memory is processed and stored in the brain's neocortex. It is the region where information is held for future retrieval and use. In right-brained individuals, long-term memories are most effectively formed when information is processed in ways that a dyslexic can readily understand, such as through comprehensive overviews, complete concrete images, and fully detailed instructions.
Right-brained and dyslexic thinkers frequently possess the remarkable ability to gather vast amounts of information on a subject, comprehend it on multiple analytical levels, and then apply it in a wide array of creative ways. A right-brained individual is generally not satisfied until all potential ideas and connections are integrated into a complete "whole picture" and then utilized.
This learning approach involves a student engaging all their senses collaboratively to absorb information about a subject, enhancing comprehension and retention.
This refers to a detrimental energy state believed to be generated in the brain when feelings of fear, frustration, anger, and hypersensitivity accumulate without being processed or released, thereby disrupting the brain's chemical equilibrium. A significant portion of this negative energy can stem from the anxiety and feelings of helpless aggression often caused by excessive exposure to electronic gadgets, games, movies, and videos.
These are the established neural connections within the brain that facilitate the movement of ideas and language for processes such as thinking and analysis. An example is the pathway that transforms a concrete idea into the language of the left brain for further cognitive processing.
The academic study of the distinct sounds within spoken words and their corresponding letters. Phonetic spelling, which aims to represent words exactly as they sound, often differs from conventional spelling and can be particularly confusing and generally inappropriate for right-brained learners.
A teaching methodology used to instruct students on how to pronounce and read words by mastering the phonetic sounds associated with individual letters, letter combinations, and syllables. Its foundation lies in learning phonemes.
The smallest units of speech that serve to differentiate one spoken sound from another. They are typically represented as single letters or groups of letters that produce a single sound, such as "ough," "st," or "ow."
Right-brained learners can possess a photographic memory, enabling them to retain information as complete, concrete mental images. This ability can be highly advantageous as long as they fully understand the material and can then effectively store it in long-term memory. However, a challenge with photographic memory is that sometimes an image may be recalled incorrectly, leading to difficulties when attempting to use the information. For example, a dyslexic music student might visually memorize a piano piece by watching a teacher play, then reproduce it exactly—except if they miss one or more notes. Dyslexic students should be cautioned against relying solely on this ability.
Refers to the extensive collection of words a student is expected to learn and master at each successive grade level. A student can only achieve grade-level reading proficiency if they have successfully memorized and decoded a sufficient number of words to comprehend the complexity of the reading material at that specific grade.
Sequencing involves arranging individual components in a specific order. If a student struggles to distinguish the distinct parts within a whole image, they will likely face difficulties in spelling words in the correct order, using words in proper sequence within sentences, understanding and utilizing numbers in sequential operations, or following multi-step instructions.
This type of memory is processed in the brain regions known as the Hippocampus and Amygdala, which are located deep within the brain. Information first enters these areas, where it is quickly evaluated for either retention or discard.
Often a challenge for young right-brained students, who tend to perceive objects and space holistically, from all directions. To master spatial control on a printed page, they must be taught how to utilize printed lines and work systematically from top to bottom and from left to right. They also need explicit instruction on how to number their answers correctly.
This often presents a difficulty for students. It refers to the ability to read a line of text smoothly from left to right. Because these students process information as whole images and can read from various directions, they often need assistance to maintain left-to-right progression. This can be achieved using guiding devices like a ruler or visual aids such as underlining or highlighting to keep their eyes focused and moving forward.
This term describes various common writing errors, including words written backward, poorly formed letters, incorrect letter usage in spelling, confusion between similarly shaped letters, and distortions when copying letters. For more detailed information, please refer to "Hand Printing and Cursive Writing, Chapter Two in How the Right Brain Learns."
These encompass the diverse language abilities used to communicate ideas effectively through oral, visual, and kinesthetic means. They include fundamental skills such as printing letters and words, spelling, reading, composing sentences, organizing thoughts into paragraphs and essays, and all other forms of written and spoken communication. Further details can be found in "Hand Printing and Cursive Writing, Chapter Two in How the Right Brain Learns."
The right brain effectively stores information only when it is fully understood and presented in the form of a complete, concrete visual image. This means that learning, for individuals with a right-brain dominant style, is reality-based; they think in pictures and encounter difficulty understanding abstract words, letters, numbers, ideas, or thoughts unless these concepts are explicitly represented by tangible images.
One Man's Story by
Alan Mcdowell
(Dyslexic Entrepeneur)
"December 3, 1941 - May 18th, 2013"
Alan McDowell was a wonderful friend to many, including us. His passing is a huge loss, and he is greatly missed. We hope to have won ton soup at Mrs. Ritchie's restaurant and absorbing chats in another life with you, Alan. We will love you always. Hugs; Karey, Howie and Cate
Recently, an acquaintance commented on the mind map that I was using while taking part in a group workshop.
"You dyslexics like those, don’t you?" she said in a voice that carried around the room. Then, fearing she had blundered, she whispered, "Oh I’m sorry, they don’t know, do they?"
But they did know because I had told them.
Dyslexic learners struggle with identifying patterns and linking sounds to letters, especially with abstract sight words. Their reliance on visual connections makes it hard for them to understand, read, and remember non-phonetic words, impacting their reading fluency and comprehension
Invariably, when initially diagnosed as having Dyslexia, people react by being:
*Relieved
*Overloaded
*Angry
*Fearful
*Evangelistic
*Frustrated
*Inadequate
*Stupid
*Ashamed
The perception of Dyslexia, which they and the population in general have, is frequently negative. This is continually reinforced by their failure to conform to traditional standards of reading and writing.
For some people with Dyslexia, these ‘hang-ups’ prevent them from developing their true potential – we all know what they are, don’t we?
* Difficulty with reading
* Difficulty when reading large amounts
* Difficulty with organizing
* Difficulty remembering instructions
* Difficulty with hidden meanings in conversation
* Difficulty coping with interruptions
* Difficulty with hand - writing and spelling
* Difficulty with grammar
* Difficulty with directions
* Difficulty with concentration
In short, DIFFICULTY with everything!
Many employers also perceive Dyslexia as a barrier, which excludes or condemns individuals from a window of opportunity. While we should not try to underestimate the problems, to see Dyslexia purely in these terms is to deny its positive attributes. The many successful Dyslexics, who work in industry, commerce, academia and entertainment, exploit such attributes.
So amongst both groups - people with Dyslexia and employers - attitudes need to be changed, if Dyslexia is ever to be recognized as a positive and creative force which can enhance both social and professional lives.
Take a look at this picture. It is a good example of how we perceive. What do you see, a young lady or an old one? The answer lies in the way you look at it.
(If you look at the left of the picture you can see the young girl’s eye, look towards the middle of the bottom you can see the old lady’s chin)
The way we are perceived can mean the difference between obtaining employment and gaining promotion or not.
In industry the perception by the public, of a company or product, is vital to its marketing success. So to, is that of individuals in the employment market.
So who is responsible? Principally, it has to be ourselves. People’s perception of us is based upon how we communicate. In other words how we market ourselves.
Successful marketing is about getting the right product, to the right place, at the right time and at the right price. Substitute ‘person’ for ‘product’ and we have a strategy for gaining employment and achieving promotion.
In selling ourselves we must first – as with any good product – recognize our USP (unique selling point). People with Dyslexia are lucky. They have a whole host of unique skills and abilities waiting to be tapped.
* Thinks in a natural organic way
* Good team player
* Loyal and Passionate
* Problem solver
* Excellent overview capabilities
* Excellent intuitive skills
* Excellent visualisation skills
* Fast thinking
* Can be visionary
* Imaginative
* Innovative and original
* Can be very articulate
* Very creative
Understanding your OWN pattern of Dyslexia is vital to the way forward. It means answering several questions: of Dyslexia?
* What are my strengths
* Am I a visual, auditory or kinesthetic person?
* What are my communication skills like?
The answers will both help in discovering your USP and in releasing the self-limiting beliefs which inhibit your real potential.
‘Knowledge Dispels Fear’
* A simple ‘mission statement’ encompassing your key patterns, strengths and aspirations will help you focus yourself and lift the barriers and inhibitions implanted by our traditional educational system and society.
* For those who have followed this path the rewards have been tremendous:
• Peter is a marketing manager in a major international engineering company, using his spatial and visual way of thinking on a daily basis. His Dyslexia empowers him to think through complex strategies and systems quickly, work which would have taken a team weeks to complete.
- John is now being recognized for his overview capabilities and different way of seeing things on a major assembly line, which makes him a valuable team player.
- Dave’s intuitive and communication skills are giving him a distinct advantage when dealing with his Government Agency’s most difficult and complex clients.
- Jean, working for a large multi national, can now implement her visual way of thinking when designing and planning for her company. It works because the organization has a clear understanding of her Dyslexia and now uses auditory methods of communication that meet her identified needs.
All of these people work in an environment where the individual is accepted for their strengths, self-worth, and pride. Of equal importance to the Dyslexic, is to be aware of their weaknesses, and not let these inhibit the confidence their strengths provide.
By developing a clear understanding of their own patterns, strengths and learning senses, they have changed attitudes and perception, offering employers a bonus, that unique ‘cutting edge’ so many organizations are looking for, today, found in the creative thinking of people with Dyslexia.
Nike- "Share of mind equals share of market"
Tom Peters- "The only asset a company now has is Imagination"
Charles Handy- "We need new perspectives on everything"
Today, the really successful companies are those with a competitive edge. People with Dyslexia are largely an untapped and hidden resource. For companies and dyslexics to benefit from that resource, they need to address the following key points:
* Examine - ways in which their organization deals with people with Dyslexia
* Harness - the creativity and innovation of people with Dyslexia
* Help - people with Dyslexia to release their potential and contribute their unique skills
* Empower - people with Dyslexia to become team players.
* Extend - their awareness of issues from a dyslexic’s point of view.
* Train - people with Dyslexia more effectively.
* Increase - their competitive edge.
* Expand - access to learning opportunities within the organization.
* Channel - the passion of people with Dyslexia.
* Untap - this powerful resource.
* Explore imaginative ways of learning and thinking.
For many Dyslexics and non-Dyslexics, this will be a new perspective.
Asking the right questions and looking for the right answers, and discovering your USP will give others the right perception of you and possibly give you that ’competitive edge’ you have always wanted.
Remember that we are born with Dyslexia, and we will die with Dyslexia - something of which many of us are becoming increasingly proud.
Good Luck!
Alan McDowell 1995
*Fulcrum is a Dyslexia adult service provider in Europe Alan is a past trustee of the British Dyslexia Association
Word Families
"Turning the Struggles & Stereotypes Inside Out on Dyslexia"
COWICHAN NEWS LEADER PICTORIAL
Text By Krista Siefken - Cowichan News Leader Pictorial
Published: March 04, 2010 8:00 AM
Brody Bonfield works with Dyslexia Victoria Online’s Karey Hope as he overcomes the learning challenges that plagued his early years.
Genevieve Van Bebber is a 31-year-old business manager with a head for numbers.
She handles accounting for a California-based business now, but she and her mom vividly remember a time when math was not her strong suit.
“I was having a really hard time getting Genevieve to understand what a fraction was,” mom Karey Hope remembers.
The concept on paper was incomprehensible for the Grade 3 student, and her mom was becoming increasingly frustrated — until she found a way to turn an abstract concept into something tangible.
“We had a bowl of fruit on the table, and I grabbed an orange and put it in front of her,” said Hope. “We were talking about wholes and halves and quarters, and I said, ‘What is this?"
All of a sudden, something clicked in Genevieve’s mind.
“She said, ‘That’s a whole orange.’ I cut it in half, and the light bulb went on for her immediately, and she said, ‘Those are two halves.’”
Van Bebber remembers that night, too.
“It wasn’t that I couldn’t understand it — she just had to teach me a different way, and once she found out how my brain worked, it clicked,” said Van Bebber.
“That night,” added Hope, “we went very far with fractions and other math concepts she was learning in class — and this is typical. Once they get it, they fly.”
“They” are people with dyslexia.
People like Van Bebber and Hope.
Hope learned her daughter had dyslexia when Genevieve was beginning grade school in the early ‘90s. At the time, there was little in the way of resources to help dyslexic children, and Hope took on after-school tutoring duties to ensure her daughter was not left behind.
“I started coming up with ideas and plans from my own research, and what ended up happening was we started to see success.”
Interest in Hope’s techniques has spread to the point she’s created her own Cowichan-based business with partner Howie deGraaf, Dyslexia Victoria Online, and has been invited to host workshops as far away as New Zealand and the United Kingdom.
For Hope, the first step to understanding dyslexia — commonly connected with the reversal of letters when spelling — is understanding what it is not.
“It’s a learning difference, not a learning disability,” she explained. “We look at it as being right-brained versus left-brained. It’s just a different way of perceiving things.”
And in manifests itself in countless ways.
“It’s not just spelling and reading and math. It’s a whole thinking style,” Hope said. “It’s how you approach everything, how you communicate.”
And in many ways, it’s a gift.
“Unfortunately being able to spell and read is equated with intelligence, and this is one of the biggest fallacies,” says Hope. “But dyslexics tend to be very intelligent, above the average.”
The abstract may be difficult for a dyslexic to understand, Hope says, but that same dyslexic can grasp a real-world situation with a three-dimensional, 360-degree view.
“We need to see the forest before the trees, and once we do, then we move to the parts,” she said.
This means a sequential school system can present difficulties for a dyslexic learner.
“They start to teach a subject from step to step to step, going toward a conclusion, but a right-brained learner, who is thinking of the whole picture, doesn’t understand that.”
It’s not uncommon, Hope pointed out, for a dyslexic to read the end of a book first, just to understand where he or she is going.
These differences in learning styles, meanwhile, mean dyslexic children may be regarded as lazy, slow or even stupid. And that continual loss in confidence can lead to real problems.
“One of the sad things about dyslexia is that it’s not a disability, but unfortunately for some individuals it can become one if it’s not tended to.”
Working with dyslexic learners has become Hope’s life work. She helps children work past difficulties that can crop up, and breaks down blocks for adult learners who have long since given up.
“We have to get them past the idea that they’re stupid first,” Hope said of both child and adult learners.
Hope and deGraaf also host public workshops and work with teachers to ensure all children — dyslexic or not — get the most out of their educations.
That’s been the case for Brody Bonfield, a local Grade 4 student who’s worked with Hope.
“He was doing very poorly in school,” admitted his grandmother, Maureen McKenzie.
“But they (Hope and deGraaf) did an assessment and told me he’s a kinetic learner, which means he likes to move while he’s learning.”
The method, also called tactile learning, means the learner benefits from a hands-on approach to education — and it’s worked for Bonfield, McKenzie added.
“Everyone, dyslexic or not, has a dominant learning style,” Hope explained. “Some are kinetic, others are visual or auditory.”
But, she added, none are wrong.
The important point for Hope is that a child is learning, whether it’s on paper or with a piece of fruit.
Dyslexia and letters
“The problem with spelling,” says Dyslexia Victoria Online founder Karey Hope, “is it’s all decoding.”
Decoding what the symbol of the letter is, what the sound is, and then blending that sound into a word.
“What happens for a dyslexic, right-brain learner is the part of the brain that normally does that type of processing does not activate,” she explained. “It’s actually on the right side, an area used for recognizing faces, so it works in images.”
By the time a dyslexic child reaches the teenage years, Hope added, this issue usually disappears.
A Dog's Life by John Mills
"Our first entry is a short story written by John Mills from British Columbia. John's life has also been colorful and adventurous, having worked in many varied careers all over Canada as a young man. Everything from a logger, mill worker, ship's mate to a night editor for the Vancouver Sun.
John, although very dyslexic, has developed many ways to overcome his problems and turned dyslexia into an impressive strength.
John has been telling us stories our whole life, some sort of true with a degree of artistic license and others as wild as a Mark Twain tale. He started writing as a hobby years ago and has kind of a spare "Hemingway" style. This particular story brought our family to tears. I hope you appreciate it as much as we did.
Enjoy! Karen Hope - Co-founder of Dyslexia Victoria Online
He and Priscilla made a pact. Priscilla was his dog. He was not sure how old she was but he knew she was on her last legs. He was 84 and also on his last legs. Both had been diagnosed with cancer. His was terminal. The doctors hadn’t been able to tell him how long, but they did say, not long. That squared with his level of pain and increasing weariness. The drugs were having less effect all the time. Priscilla’s cancer was also in its advanced stages and the vets said she could go anytime. In fact, they recommended that she should be put down because of her high level of pain and the increasing ineffectiveness of her medication. He hadn’t been able to do that, he loved her too much.
When he was trying to remember how old she was, he also remembered that it was his wife, Jane, who got her. Priscilla was a border collie and when Jane brought her home, she looked like a small ball of black and white yarn. He wanted to call her “Woolly”, but Jane said, “Her name is Priscilla”. She said it in a tone familiar to him that eliminated further debate.
It turned out that Jane had a favorite dog, a border collie also named Priscilla, when she was a really little girl. It was a family dog, and it died of old age when Jane was five. He could have asked Jane how old Priscilla was, but Jane had developed heart disease, and she had died three years ago. He was with her when she died and so was Priscilla. Although it offended his ego, he believed that Priscilla gave Jane more comfort than he did in those last moments. Jane’s death was kind, if that can be said about any death, but not for survivors. God knows he had missed her every hour of every day since. For Priscilla, it had been worse.
He gave up the sheep, pigs and chickens on their small farm after Jane died. They were her thing. It wasn’t as if they needed money. They were more than comfortable and, anyway, Jane never made a dime off them. She collected eggs from the chickens and wool from the sheep, but no bird or animal was ever butchered or sold. Any creature that died, died of old age. When Jane died, he gave all the animals and birds to a young farm family who were neighbors and paid them enough to keep them through their natural lives, just like Jane would have done.
If he had it to do over again, he would have kept them. They were a nuisance, but he came to realize what they meant to Priscilla. On top of Jane’s death, their absence devastated her. She moped and had little interest in anything. He knew what the animals and birds meant to Jane, but he didn’t anticipate how their absence would affect Priscilla until it was too late. Later, the young family next door agreed to let him and Priscilla baby sit their farm on a regular basis. Priscilla would lunge and hover for hours, herding everything she could find. The image was so poignant that he could see Jane in a flowered dress that fell well below her gum boots and an old coat sweater, dancing through the yard playing counterpoint with Priscilla while they pretended that the task of herding was the most important in the world.
When he realized what not having the animals did to Priscilla, he tried to fill in. On their babysitting tours, Priscilla did her best to hide her disdain at his pathetic efforts, but it was clearly better than nothing. He proved more successful at filling in for the daily walks he and Jane had taken for several years with Priscilla. Their usual path ran along the stream that divided their small acreage and then through the woods to the fields beyond. It was a long time before he could bring himself to resume those walks. It was on Jane’s last walk that she died. They were coming back through the woods, and she paused to rest on a log. She had started the practice of resting that way a month before, but this time she slipped down off the log and laid out flat on the trail. They said later that she had a massive heart attack and died almost instantly.
Priscilla was the first to realize that something very wrong was happening. She went to Jane and carefully sniffed around her face. He followed her, patting her head and looking closely at Jane. She had lost color in her face and her breathing was rapid and shallow. He did not realize immediately how serious it was, but Priscilla did. She laid down with her head at Jane’s shoulders and pressed herself tight against her body. Jane was able to raise her hand to pat Priscilla, and Priscilla responded by reaching gently to lick Jane’s face. As Jane’s hand fell, Priscilla licked it and then, in a low-voice, howled one truly mournful howl.
After the funeral, which Priscilla attended, she did not lie on the grave. He was not sure if dogs do that or if it was just another urban legend. But Priscilla did go to the log where Jane had died and stayed beside it for several days and nights. Despite repeated efforts, he was only able to lure her away when, on a sudden impulse, he walked along the trail on the same path he had followed daily with her and Jane. When he got to the log, he called Priscilla to heel and kept walking further into the trees. She lurched stiffly to her feet and followed him. He was able to get her to pass the log on the way back and to eat and drink. After that, she would come to him every day at the same time and beseech him to walk with her. Sometimes she would go past the log. Most frequently she would stop and have to be coaxed away, and some nights he would have to go looking for her. He always went first to the log, and she was always there. The walks and babysitting the animals were her only interests. Otherwise, she lay on the porch in summer and on the back of a chesterfield in the living room in winter. From that perch she could see the trail through the window.
Their walks with Jane were always suspended when winter came and the snow was deep on the trail. Most often it would drift against the trees. Sub-zero weather was a common occurrence. When winter came the third year after Jane died, he woke up one morning to find that it had snowed heavily overnight and covered the trail. Priscilla was gone, but he wasn’t alarmed. With the dog door she could come and go as she pleased, but when she did not return, he became anxious. He followed her tracks where they led through the snow to the trail. It was bitterly cold, and the snow had a hard crust.
He could see deeper tracks in places where Priscilla had broken through the crust. With his heavier weight, he was constantly breaking through. He waded through the deep snow with great difficulty. When he got to the log, he found Priscilla lying behind it. He didn’t know how long she had been there, but he couldn’t get her to follow. With great difficulty, he lifted her and carried her back to the farmhouse. At 84 years old, it was an arduous chore. She was obviously nearing death and, following what he understand to be canine instinct, he guessed that she had gone out in the snow and the cold to the log with the intentions of lying there until she died.
When he got Priscilla back to the house, she appeared grateful to be out of the cold but he could see from her body language that she wanted to go back to the log. That is when he made his pact with her. They would go back to the log together that very night. When it was growing dark he put on heavy wool pants and a heavy wool shirt. Then he put on his warm parka and felt shoe packs to keep his feet warm. He gave a thought to taking a blanket for Priscilla to keep her warm, but rejected it as foolish and started out the door with her. She was moving painfully behind him, but anxious to be gone. Then he turned back and got the blanket when he realized that was what Jane would want.
Experts say that dying from exposure is preceded by a euphoria that makes it a painless process. Maybe that is something that is known instinctively by dogs. The weather remained cold all day and the sky was clear with a full moon. The area of woods where the log sat was birch. In the moonlight with scattered snow on the bare branches, the trees were pure silver. It was a spectacular sight. There was no ground light to interfere and the stars were in random array in every direction, right to the tree line. It was the kind of night when he and Jane would clean out the fire pit and build a decent sized fire, big enough for warmth but small enough to yield to the spectacular light of the moon and stars. Priscilla would position herself beside Jane and the two of them would practice their gift of remaining immobile and quiet. It was one of his most enduring memories.
On this night, he and Priscilla moved with near quiet down the trail. The only sound was his feet breaking the crust and the occasional click of Priscilla’s nails. On the occasions when she broke through the crust, he paused to lift her out. The trip was helped by the fact that they were going where they both wanted to go. With him breaking trail for her and helping her out, she was able to make the walk. When he got to the log, he sat on it for a minute and Priscilla came and laid her head on his knees. He took her head in his hands and looked steadily into her eyes for a minute. Then he softly kissed her muzzle and began flattening the snow behind the log to make room for the two of them.
He spread the blanket, leaving room for him to lie between it and the log. He wiggled around until he was lying in a loose fetal position with the edge of the blanket in front of him. Then he called Priscilla. She moved to lay on the blanket ahead of him. He pulled the rest of the blanket back over her and moved her back until he could feel her comfortable and warm against his body. He adjusted his parka hood over his head, pulled on his heavy gloves, and then put his arm over the blanket and across Priscilla’s chest. Soon he found himself falling asleep and could feel Priscilla breathing regularly as she did the same. Her muzzle was the only part of her protruding from under the blanket. As he slipped into unconsciousness, he was comforted to know that he and Priscilla were on their way to meet Jane. That is the way the neighbors found them the following morning, covered with a light blanket of snow and resting peacefully.
Dyslexics Can Have Great Difficulty With Lists
I was talking to one of the grandparents of a nine year old boy that we assessed recently. She was commenting on the problems he had with doing a list of chores or remembering things like handing his homework in at school or even remembering his homework. She despaired at how difficult it was to get him to do these things unless she reminded him and had to keep reminding him until he got them done. She talked about how he had three things to do before he got on the school bus in the morning. He apparently was lucky if he got one or two done, let alone all three.
This is typical behavior for boys in general but especially for Dyslexic children (both girls and boys). They are “big picture” people and not very good at the details. They get lost in details, sequences, lists and responsibilities. Usually they are not doing this on purpose and they are not trying to annoy anyone; they just can’t remember. This affects Dyslexics and Right-brainers of all ages.
My very right-brained sister is an accountant which is kind of interesting because much of accounting is all details. However the concept of a General Ledger which is the heart of an accounting system is all about the “big picture”. So she may not be very good at the individual items in an account in the ledger but she sees how the whole business that the General Ledger is connected to operates and connects to all departments. In this sense her ability to see the “big picture” of a business and its accounting system is probably more important than seeing the individual entries. Other “left brainers” who are better at the details can handle that part of the job.
By the way, my sister has adapted to her difficulty with lists and chores. She makes thorough and constantly updated written lists and marks off each item when she completes them. She always writes down a task as they come up otherwise she knows she will forget. I love how she keeps track of her lists. She doesn’t use a Blackberry, Calender or DayTimer. Generally too much information for a Dyslexic. She takes a regular lined notebook (8 1/2″ x 11″) and draws a small square check box on each line on the left. She then writes the task beside the box. When the task is completed she checks the box (very satisfying for Dyslexics). She always keeps these notebooks when full because they can save lots of info.
Besides having problems with the details or a list, Dyslexics also are often overwhelmed with mental images at any one time and their minds can’t focus or concentrate on instructions. When a parent or a teacher, for example, starts talking to them, they can either be swept up by their imagination at that moment or the words being spoken to them can create mental pictures or stories that will also take them away to other places. Then at some point they look at the teacher or parent and say “what did you say?” or go off and not do anything because they are caught up in their thoughts or maybe manage one thing that was asked of them.
Also, if they get overwhelmed with their “list” they can actually start to shut down, and you might find them sitting somewhere staring off into space a million miles away. As a Dyslexic, I did this a lot when I was a child. I would not know where to begin or how to handle a whole list of jobs. My mother often would add more jobs to the first list, and then this would really confuse me.
How does a parent handle this issue with their child? First of all, be understanding. They do care, and they do want to please you. Here are a few helpful tips:
- teach them how to write down chores and school assignments on a piece of paper or on a white board on a wall. Draw a checkbox for them to mark each task off. If writing is really difficult for them, then write it for them.
- keep instructions specific and clear. We had one mom we were working with tell us that this all started to make sense to her when her fifteen-year-old Dyslexic daughter had made a mess in the kitchen when she had prepared some food for herself. She asked her daughter to clean the kitchen. Her daughter asked what part of the kitchen. She thought her daughter was being cheeky. The daughter said, “Do you mean the counters, clean the fridge, sweep the floor?” The mom laughed and said, clean the mess she had made. She then realized how specific her instructions she needed to be.
- in the UK, they are working on specific exercises that help with focus. Try this one: have the student stand on a cushion on one leg, then throwing a beanbag from one hand to another for a few minutes. Do this twice a day. Try this before doing chores and see if it helps their concentration.
- if a list is too much for them, then give them one task at a time, check up on them to make sure they are not getting distracted. You can use reward systems such as when they get their homework or chores done, they get to do some activity they enjoy.
- draw a poster of the chores or homework and mentally or physically walk through it with them so they can see the “big picture” and this might help them understand what they are trying to accomplish. If they want to use pictures from the internet or magazine, that can be very helpful.
- Dyslexics tend to do a list of tasks all at once. For example, if they are cleaning the house they will probably do a little here, a little there and eventually finish. They generally cannot do one room or job at a time. Let them do it this way because it feels natural and probably makes it easier for them to finish. Their homework would apply here also. This may sound odd but is completely normal and natural for a Dyslexic. You have probably noticed that they do this and get irritated telling them to get one job done at a time.
An example of this would be washing the dishes, dusting the living room, making their bed, taking out the garbage, dusting the dining room, drying the dishes, cleaning their room, sweeping the kitchen floor, and cleaning the closet in their room (this one may take days). From this you can see they are moving from one area to the next and back again.
- if they need music or the TV on in the background or an iPod, for example, let them have it. Sometimes this is the only way they can function and complete their list.
- be persistent but patient so they learn to follow through and complete things. You are training them for the future to handle responsibilities their way.
The ability to follow a list or instructions is an important problem area of Dyslexia and should be taken seriously. With a concentrated effort from both the parent and child, tremendous progress can happen. These kids are brilliant – teach them to use their own personal tools and mental processes, and success is within their reach.
Dyslexics Need to Read the End of a Story First
If you, your child, friend, family member or a student you are working with is Dyslexic, you might have noticed that books or stories with chapters can be confusing or hard to comprehend and remember. Dyslexics think in the big picture or the whole story. In order to understand the chapters, they need to know the beginning and end of the story before they read the middle of the book.
When we assess adults, we ask them how they read a book. One gentleman said You are going to think it's silly. I do it wrong. We encouraged him to tell us and wouldn't think it was silly or wrong. He said, I read the beginning, then go to the end which ruins any surprises in the story and then the middle. If I don't do that, nothing makes sense and I tend to lose interest. Also, if I don't read the end first I forget the chapters I'm reading immediately, I keep forgetting where I'm at in the story and get bored!
These are the people who watch a who done-it movie where the story starts with the end, and they guess the rest of the story in the first half of the movie and tell you! I'm Dyslexic and still remember watching the movie Sixth Sense. Spoiler Alert! I knew Bruce Willis' character was a ghost in the first 10 minutes of the movie. I saw him being shot at the beginning of the movie and all the hints and details that followed gave away the plot because I knew the big picture or end of the movie first “ he was shot and died.
Whoever the Dyslexics are in your life, encourage them to read the end before the middle and not resist their impulse to do the wrong thing. They will get much more out of the story once they have the big picture and they will not only remember the book better but tend to retain more detail than the average person.
Dyslexics in grade two to three start to read chapter books with the rest of the class. Often Dyslexic children fall behind because of their issues with spelling and reading but also with comprehension and memory of what happens in the chapters. With appropriate teaching methods for spelling and reading for Dyslexics along with reading the beginning and end chapter of the books first, these children can catch up with their classmates. They tend to do much better with book reports and other school work connected to the books due to their clearer memory and understanding of the story. They can also start to enjoy reading chapter books rather than dreading and hating reading.
One of the benefits of reading the end after the beginning is how it can make studying more effective. Usually it is easier for Dyslexic students or employees learning new information to read the beginning of a chapter in a textbook or course, the end or summary and then go back to the beginning and read through the chapter. Highlighting key ideas and words and creating a mindmap of the chapter will round out this study method and help the Dyslexic student or employee comprehend and retain what they are reading.
Learning Through Listening
Does your student or child prefer to read aloud, whisper the words when reading or form the words with their mouths? Does he or she do better on oral tests than on written? These are very strong indications that your student learns best by listening, not reading or taking notes.